diff --git a/chrome/browser/ui/android/extensions/extension_keybinding_registry_android.cc b/chrome/browser/ui/android/extensions/extension_keybinding_registry_android.cc
--- a/chrome/browser/ui/android/extensions/extension_keybinding_registry_android.cc
+++ b/chrome/browser/ui/android/extensions/extension_keybinding_registry_android.cc
@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@
 #include "chrome/browser/extensions/commands/command_service.h"
 #include "chrome/browser/extensions/extension_keybinding_registry.h"
 #include "chrome/browser/profiles/profile.h"
-#include "chrome/browser/ui/android/tab_model/tab_model.h"
-#include "chrome/browser/ui/android/tab_model/tab_model_list.h"
+#include "chrome/browser/ui/browser_window/public/browser_window_interface.h"
 #include "chrome/browser/ui/toolbar/toolbar_actions_model.h"
+#include "components/tabs/public/tab_interface.h"
 #include "extensions/browser/extension_system.h"
 #include "extensions/common/extension.h"
 #include "third_party/jni_zero/jni_zero.h"
@@ -26,9 +26,8 @@ namespace {
 class ExtensionKeybindingRegistryDelegateAndroid
     : public ExtensionKeybindingRegistry::Delegate {
  public:
-  explicit ExtensionKeybindingRegistryDelegateAndroid(
-      content::BrowserContext* context)
-      : context_(context) {}
+  explicit ExtensionKeybindingRegistryDelegateAndroid(BrowserWindowInterface* browser)
+      : browser_(browser) {}

   ExtensionKeybindingRegistryDelegateAndroid(
       const ExtensionKeybindingRegistryDelegateAndroid& other) = delete;
@@ -38,32 +37,26 @@ class ExtensionKeybindingRegistryDelegateAndroid
   ~ExtensionKeybindingRegistryDelegateAndroid() override = default;

   content::WebContents* GetWebContentsForExtension() override {
-    for (const TabModel* model : TabModelList::models()) {
-      if (model->GetProfile() != context_) {
-        continue;
-      }
-      if (model->IsActiveModel()) {
-        return model->GetActiveWebContents();
-      }
-    }
-
-    return nullptr;
+    // Resolve the active tab of THIS window — the one whose
+    // ChromeTabbedActivity actually received the key event — rather than
+    // scanning the process-global TabModelList (which can return another
+    // window's tab under multi-instance).
+    tabs::TabInterface* tab = browser_->GetActiveTabInterface();
+    return tab ? tab->GetContents() : nullptr;
   }

  private:
-  const raw_ptr<content::BrowserContext> context_;
+  const raw_ptr<BrowserWindowInterface> browser_;
 };

 }  // namespace

 ExtensionKeybindingRegistryAndroid::ExtensionKeybindingRegistryAndroid(
-    content::BrowserContext* context,
+    BrowserWindowInterface* browser,
     ExtensionsToolbarViewModel* toolbar_view_model)
     : ExtensionKeybindingRegistry(
-          context,
+          browser->GetProfile(),
           ExtensionFilter::ALL_EXTENSIONS,
-          std::make_unique<ExtensionKeybindingRegistryDelegateAndroid>(
-              context)),
+          std::make_unique<ExtensionKeybindingRegistryDelegateAndroid>(browser)),
       toolbar_view_model_(toolbar_view_model) {
   Init();
 }
diff --git a/chrome/browser/ui/android/extensions/extension_keybinding_registry_android.h b/chrome/browser/ui/android/extensions/extension_keybinding_registry_android.h
--- a/chrome/browser/ui/android/extensions/extension_keybinding_registry_android.h
+++ b/chrome/browser/ui/android/extensions/extension_keybinding_registry_android.h
@@ -9,9 +9,7 @@
 #include "chrome/browser/ui/extensions/extensions_toolbar_view_model.h"
 #include "ui/base/accelerators/accelerator.h"

-namespace content {
-class BrowserContext;
-}
+class BrowserWindowInterface;

 namespace ui {
 class KeyEventAndroid;
@@ -25,7 +23,7 @@ namespace extensions {
 class ExtensionKeybindingRegistryAndroid : public ExtensionKeybindingRegistry {
  public:
   explicit ExtensionKeybindingRegistryAndroid(
-      content::BrowserContext* context,
+      BrowserWindowInterface* browser,
       ExtensionsToolbarViewModel* toolbar_view_model);

   ExtensionKeybindingRegistryAndroid(
diff --git a/chrome/browser/ui/android/extensions/extensions_toolbar_android.cc b/chrome/browser/ui/android/extensions/extensions_toolbar_android.cc
--- a/chrome/browser/ui/android/extensions/extensions_toolbar_android.cc
+++ b/chrome/browser/ui/android/extensions/extensions_toolbar_android.cc
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ ExtensionsToolbarAndroid::ExtensionsToolbarAndroid(
       scoped_toolbar_view_model_user_data_(browser->GetUnownedUserDataHost(),
                                            *toolbar_view_model_),
       keybinding_registry_(std::make_unique<ExtensionKeybindingRegistryAndroid>(
-          browser_->GetProfile(),
+          browser_.get(),
           toolbar_view_model_.get())),
       java_object_(java_object) {
   toolbar_view_model_observation_.Observe(toolbar_view_model_.get());