diff --git a/ui/views/widget/widget.cc b/ui/views/widget/widget.cc
index a4e9aa6ca8d05..9120edf4f8cd6 100644
--- a/ui/views/widget/widget.cc
+++ b/ui/views/widget/widget.cc
@@ -1616,10 +1616,15 @@ void Widget::SetCapture(View* view) {
   }
 
   if (!native_widget_->HasCapture()) {
+    // Transferring capture synchronously dispatches capture-change events to
+    // the previously capturing window, which may close this widget.
+    WidgetDeletionObserver widget_deletion_observer(this);
     native_widget_->SetCapture();
 
-    // Early return if setting capture was unsuccessful.
-    if (!native_widget_->HasCapture()) {
+    // Early return if this widget was destroyed, the native widget was torn
+    // down, or setting capture was unsuccessful.
+    if (!widget_deletion_observer.IsWidgetAlive() || !native_widget_ ||
+        !native_widget_->HasCapture()) {
       return;
     }
   }
diff --git a/ui/views/widget/widget_unittest.cc b/ui/views/widget/widget_unittest.cc
index 7d5098e147384..24a258eb722a6 100644
--- a/ui/views/widget/widget_unittest.cc
+++ b/ui/views/widget/widget_unittest.cc
@@ -3570,6 +3570,68 @@ TEST_F(WidgetTest, DestroyedWithCaptureViaEventMonitor) {
   EXPECT_TRUE(observer.widget_closed());
 }
 
+#if defined(USE_AURA)
+
+namespace {
+
+// A View that synchronously closes a (different) Widget when capture is lost.
+class CloseOnCaptureLostView : public View {
+  METADATA_HEADER(CloseOnCaptureLostView, View)
+
+ public:
+  explicit CloseOnCaptureLostView(Widget* widget_to_close)
+      : widget_to_close_(widget_to_close) {}
+
+  CloseOnCaptureLostView(const CloseOnCaptureLostView&) = delete;
+  CloseOnCaptureLostView& operator=(const CloseOnCaptureLostView&) = delete;
+
+  // View:
+  void OnMouseCaptureLost() override {
+    if (widget_to_close_) {
+      widget_to_close_.ExtractAsDangling()->CloseNow();
+    }
+  }
+
+ private:
+  raw_ptr<Widget> widget_to_close_;
+};
+
+BEGIN_METADATA(CloseOnCaptureLostView)
+END_METADATA
+
+}  // namespace
+
+// Verifies that Widget::SetCapture handles the case where dispatching the
+// capture-change notification synchronously closes the widget that is
+// acquiring capture.
+TEST_F(WidgetTest, SetCaptureHandlesWidgetDestroyedOnCaptureChange) {
+  Widget* capture_holder = CreateTopLevelNativeWidget();
+  capture_holder->Show();
+
+  Widget* target = CreateTopLevelNativeWidget();
+  target->Show();
+
+  // Route the previous holder's capture-lost notification to a view that
+  // synchronously closes `target`.
+  capture_holder->SetCapture(capture_holder->GetContentsView()->AddChildView(
+      std::make_unique<CloseOnCaptureLostView>(target)));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(capture_holder->HasCapture());
+
+  TestWidgetObserver target_observer(target);
+
+  // Transferring capture to `target` triggers OnMouseCaptureLost on
+  // `capture_holder`, which closes `target` while it is still inside
+  // SetCapture. This must not crash.
+  target->SetCapture(nullptr);
+
+  if (!target_observer.widget_closed()) {
+    target->CloseNow();
+  }
+  capture_holder->CloseNow();
+}
+
+#endif  // defined(USE_AURA)
+
 TEST_F(WidgetTest, LockPaintAsActive) {
   WidgetAutoclosePtr widget(CreateTopLevelPlatformWidget());
   widget->ShowInactive();